Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease affecting the neuromuscular junction, the point where nerves meet muscles. Your immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells, disrupting communication between nerves and muscles, leading to weakness.
Muscle weakness is the hallmark symptom of MG. This weakness worsens with activity and improves with rest. It’s often asymmetrical; meaning one side of the body might be affected more than the other.
Eye problems are common early signs. Double vision (diplopia) and drooping eyelids (ptosis) frequently occur. These symptoms can fluctuate throughout the day.
Facial weakness manifests as difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), chewing, and speaking (dysarthria). A weak smile or difficulty forming words are potential indicators.
Limb weakness affects the arms and legs. You might find tasks like walking, climbing stairs, or lifting objects progressively harder as the day progresses.
Respiratory difficulties, though less frequent in early stages, can be serious. If muscle weakness involves breathing muscles, it can lead to respiratory distress, requiring immediate medical attention.
Diagnosis involves a thorough neurological exam, blood tests to detect antibodies, and sometimes electromyography (EMG) to assess muscle and nerve function.
Remember that symptom severity varies widely. Some individuals experience mild fatigue, while others face significant limitations. Early diagnosis and treatment are vital for managing MG and improving quality of life.
